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Optimizing Page Load Speed – Strategies and Tools for Conducting a Site Page Load Test

Load time is a critical factor in determining the success of a webpage. Users expect websites to load quickly and efficiently, and if a site’s performance is lacking, visitors may leave and never return. Therefore, it is essential to regularly test and optimize your website’s loading speed.

But how can you accurately measure your site’s loading speed? One of the most effective ways is to conduct a page load test. This involves simulating user interactions and tracking the time it takes for various components of your site to fully load. By performing such a test, you can identify areas of your website that may be causing slowdowns and take the necessary steps to improve its loading speed.

Improving your website’s loading speed is crucial for several reasons. First and foremost, it enhances user experience. A fast-loading site creates a positive impression and keeps users engaged. In addition, website speed is a key factor in search engine rankings. Search engines prioritize fast-loading websites and penalize slow ones, so optimizing your site‘s loading speed can improve its visibility and organic traffic.

Measuring and optimizing your website’s loading speed is an ongoing process. Regularly conducting page load tests and implementing necessary improvements will ensure that your site is fast, user-friendly, and successful.

Understanding the Importance of Website Loading Speed

When it comes to testing and improving the performance of a website, one of the key metrics that needs to be measured is the loading speed. Website loading speed refers to the time it takes for a webpage to fully load and display all its content to the user. It is a crucial factor that can greatly impact the success of a site.

Why is site loading speed important?

1. User Experience: In today’s fast-paced digital world, users have little patience for slow-loading websites. If a site takes too long to load, users are likely to abandon it and look for an alternative. Slow loading speeds can lead to a poor user experience and negatively impact the site’s reputation.

2. SEO and Search Rankings: Website loading speed is one of the many factors that search engines take into consideration when ranking webpages in search results. Search engines prioritize sites that offer a fast and seamless user experience. Therefore, a slow-loading site may not rank as high as faster-loading competitors.

3. Conversion Rates: The loading speed of a website can directly affect its conversion rates. Studies have shown that even a small delay in page load time can result in a significant decrease in conversions. Slow-loading sites may discourage users from completing purchases or taking other desired actions.

How to measure website loading speed?

There are various tools available to measure the loading speed of a website. These tools can provide detailed insights into the performance of your site and identify areas for improvement. Some popular tools include Google PageSpeed Insights, GTmetrix, and Pingdom.

These tools analyze various aspects of your site, such as server response time, file sizes, and caching settings. They generate reports and recommendations on how to optimize your site for faster loading speeds.

Tips for improving website loading speed

1. Optimize Images: Large image files can significantly slow down the loading time of a webpage. Compress and optimize images to reduce their file sizes without compromising on quality. Use image formats that are suitable for the specific content, such as JPEG for photos and PNG for graphics with transparency.

2. Minify CSS and JavaScript: Remove unnecessary characters, comments, and whitespace from your CSS and JavaScript files. Minifying these files can reduce their file sizes and improve loading speed.

3. Enable Browser Caching: Browser caching allows the temporary storage of certain web elements, such as images and HTML files, on a user’s device. This enables faster loading times for returning visitors, as their browsers can retrieve the cached files instead of downloading them again.

4. Reduce HTTP Requests: Each element on a webpage, including images, scripts, and stylesheets, requires a separate HTTP request to load. Minimize the number of elements and combine files where possible to reduce the number of HTTP requests and speed up loading times.

Test Speed Loading Site Webpage Load Website Performance

Factors Affecting Website Loading Speed

When it comes to performance, the speed at which a website loads plays a crucial role in attracting and retaining visitors. There are several factors that can affect a site’s loading speed, and understanding these factors is essential for optimizing website performance.

1. Server Performance: The performance of the server hosting the website can significantly impact its loading speed. A slow server response time can delay the retrieval of HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and other necessary files, resulting in a slower website load time.

2. Page Size: The size of a webpage, including all its contents such as images, scripts, and media files, affects how long it takes to load. Larger page sizes typically require more time to transfer over the network, especially on slower internet connections.

3. Caching: Caching involves saving certain files or data on the user’s device temporarily, which allows faster loading times upon subsequent visits. Implementing caching techniques, such as browser caching and server-side caching, can significantly improve website loading speed.

4. Image Optimization: Large, unoptimized images can be major contributors to slow website loading speeds. Compressing images and using the appropriate image formats can help reduce file sizes without sacrificing quality, resulting in faster load times.

5. Code Efficiency: The efficiency of the website’s code, including HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, can impact loading speed. Bloated or poorly written code can slow down page rendering and execution, leading to slower loading times.

6. Third-Party Scripts: Including external scripts from third-party services, such as analytics or advertising plugins, can introduce additional dependencies and delays in website loading. Careful consideration should be given to third-party scripts to minimize their impact on loading speed.

7. Network Conditions: Website loading speed can be influenced by the user’s network conditions, including their internet connection speed and latency. Optimizing for different network conditions, such as using content delivery networks (CDNs) or implementing techniques like lazy loading, can help mitigate these effects.

In conclusion, several factors contribute to a website’s loading speed. By optimizing server performance, minimizing page size, leveraging caching, optimizing images and code, carefully managing third-party scripts, and considering network conditions, developers can significantly improve website loading speed and enhance user experience.

How to Measure Website Loading Speed

Measuring the loading speed of a website is crucial for evaluating its performance and ensuring a positive user experience. It allows site owners to identify areas where improvements can be made to enhance the webpage’s speed and overall performance.

There are several tools available to test the loading speed of a webpage. One popular option is Google PageSpeed Insights, which analyzes the site and provides an overall score based on its performance. It also offers suggestions on how to optimize the website for faster loading times. Another widely used tool is GTmetrix, which provides a detailed breakdown of the webpage’s loading speed, including metrics such as page size, load time, and the number of requests made.

When measuring website loading speed, it’s essential to consider various factors that can impact performance. The page size and the number of resources, such as images, scripts, and stylesheets, can greatly affect how long it takes for a webpage to load. Optimizing these resources and reducing their size can significantly improve loading speed.

The time it takes for the server to respond to a user’s request, known as server response time, also plays a crucial role in website loading speed. To measure this metric, tools like Pingdom and Uptime Robot can be used to monitor the server’s response time under different traffic conditions.

Additionally, caching can be implemented to improve loading speed by storing frequently accessed elements, such as images and CSS files, locally on the user’s device. This reduces the need for the browser to request these resources from the server every time the webpage is visited.

Regularly testing the website’s loading speed is essential for monitoring its performance and ensuring that any changes made to improve speed are effective. By analyzing the test results and making necessary optimizations, site owners can provide a better user experience and increase the chances of visitors staying on their webpage.

In conclusion, measuring website loading speed is crucial for optimizing a webpage’s performance. By using tools to assess different metrics such as page size, server response time, and caching, site owners can identify areas for improvement and enhance the overall speed of their website.

Best Tools for Website Page Load Test

Performance testing is essential for measuring the loading speed of a website. This test helps to identify any bottlenecks and areas of improvement in the website’s performance. There are various tools available that can help in conducting a website page load test effectively. Here are some of the best tools:

1. Pingdom

Pingdom is a widely used tool for website performance monitoring. It provides detailed insights into the loading speed of each element on a webpage, including images, scripts, and stylesheets. Pingdom also offers recommendations on how to improve the loading speed of the website.

2. GTmetrix

GTmetrix is another popular tool for testing the performance of a website. It provides a detailed analysis of a webpage’s loading speed and suggests ways to enhance the overall performance. GTmetrix also offers a waterfall view that shows the loading sequence of all the elements on a webpage.

3. WebPageTest

WebPageTest is a free tool that allows users to test the loading speed of a website from multiple locations around the world. It provides insightful reports on various performance metrics, including the time to first byte, start render time, and fully loaded time. WebPageTest also offers a filmstrip view that shows a visual representation of the loading process.

4. Lighthouse

Lighthouse is an open-source tool developed by Google that can be used to conduct a comprehensive website audit. In addition to analyzing the loading speed, Lighthouse evaluates a website’s accessibility, SEO, and best practices. It provides actionable recommendations to improve the overall performance of the website.

Tool Key Features
Pingdom Detailed analysis of webpage’s loading speed
GTmetrix Waterfall view of loading sequence
WebPageTest Global testing locations and detailed reports
Lighthouse Comprehensive website audit and recommendations

These tools can greatly assist in measuring and improving the loading speed of a website. Each tool offers unique features and insights that can help webmasters optimize their websites for better performance.

Analyzing the Results of Website Page Load Test

After conducting a website page load test, it is important to analyze the results to gain insight into the performance and speed of your site. Understanding the data gathered from the test can help identify areas that need improvement and optimize the website for better user experience.

The Importance of Site Speed

Website loading speed is a crucial factor that directly impacts user satisfaction and engagement. Research shows that visitors tend to abandon a website if it takes more than a few seconds to load. Slow-loading webpages can result in a high bounce rate and a negative impact on conversion rates.

Therefore, analyzing the results of a website page load test is essential to identify any potential bottlenecks and improve the loading speed.

Key Metrics to Analyze

When evaluating the results of a website load test, several key metrics provide valuable insights into the performance of a webpage:

1. Page Load Time: This metric measures the time it takes for a webpage to fully load, including all its elements such as images, CSS, and JavaScript resources. A shorter page load time indicates a faster loading speed.

2. Time to First Byte (TTFB): TTFB measures the time it takes for a user’s browser to receive the first byte of data from the website server. It indicates the server’s responsiveness and network latency.

3. Number of HTTP Requests: This metric shows the total number of HTTP requests made by the webpage. A high number of requests can slow down the loading speed, especially when numerous resources are being fetched.

4. Page Size: The page size refers to the total size of all the files needed to load the webpage. Large page sizes can significantly impact loading speed, especially for users with slower internet connections.

Improving Website Performance

Based on the analysis of the website page load test results, there are several steps you can take to improve the website’s performance:

1. Optimizing Images: Compressing and resizing images can help reduce the overall page size and improve loading speed.

2. Minimizing HTTP Requests: Reducing the number of HTTP requests by combining and minifying CSS and JavaScript files, as well as using CSS sprites, can significantly improve loading speed.

3. Caching: Implementing caching techniques, such as browser caching and content delivery network (CDN) caching, can help reduce server load and improve loading speed for returning visitors.

4. Code Optimization: Optimizing the website’s code, including HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, can reduce redundant or unused code, improving overall performance.

By analyzing the results of a website page load test and implementing appropriate optimizations, you can significantly improve the loading speed and performance of your website, resulting in a better user experience and increased conversions.

Tips to Improve Website Loading Speed

In today’s fast-paced digital world, website loading speed has become a crucial factor in providing an optimal user experience. Slow-loading pages can frustrate users, increase bounce rates, and negatively impact your website’s performance. Here are some essential tips to improve your website’s loading speed and ensure a smooth browsing experience for your visitors:

1. Minimize HTTP Requests

Reduce the number of HTTP requests required to load your website by minimizing the use of external scripts, stylesheets, and images. Combine multiple CSS and JavaScript files into a single file to reduce backend calls, resulting in faster page loading speed.

2. Optimize Image Sizes

Large image files can significantly slow down your website’s loading speed. Use image compression techniques to reduce file sizes without compromising image quality. You can also leverage lazy loading, where images are loaded only when they appear in the user’s viewport, reducing the initial page load time.

3. Enable Browser Caching

Utilize browser caching to store resources such as images, stylesheets, and JavaScript files locally in the user’s browser. This way, subsequent page visits will load faster as the browser can retrieve these static resources from the cache rather than requesting them from the server again.

4. Minify CSS and JavaScript

Minify your CSS and JavaScript files by removing unnecessary whitespace, comments, and code. This reduces the file size and eliminates any redundant code, resulting in faster loading times. There are various online tools available that can automatically minify your files.

5. Use Content Delivery Networks (CDNs)

Consider using a Content Delivery Network (CDN) to deliver your website’s static files, such as images, stylesheets, and scripts. CDNs serve your content from servers located closer to the user’s geographic location, reducing the time it takes for the content to reach their browser.

6. Compress and Enable GZIP Compression

Compress your website files using GZIP compression to reduce their size before they are transferred over the network. GZIP compression significantly reduces the amount of data being transmitted, resulting in faster loading times. Most web servers and hosting providers support GZIP compression.

7. Minimize Server Response Time

Ensure that your server response time is minimized by optimizing your server configuration, database queries, and web application code. Implement caching mechanisms, use efficient algorithms, and reduce database queries to improve your website’s server response time.

Implementing these tips will help enhance your website’s loading speed, providing a seamless and enjoyable browsing experience for your visitors. Regularly monitor and test your site’s load speed to identify any areas that need improvement and stay ahead of your competition in the ever-growing digital landscape.

Optimizing Images for Faster Loading

Images play a vital role in enhancing the visual appeal of a webpage. However, they can also significantly impact the page load time and overall site performance. To ensure fast loading speed and optimal performance of your site, it is crucial to optimize images effectively.

1. Choose the Right Image Format

Choosing the appropriate image format can have a significant impact on loading speed. For images with complex details and vibrant colors, JPEG is generally the best choice. On the other hand, for images with fewer colors and sharp lines, such as logos and icons, PNG is more suitable. Additionally, if you need images with transparency, PNG-24 is the preferred format.

2. Resize and Compress Images

Before uploading images to your site, it is essential to resize them to the dimensions required by your webpage. Resizing images helps to reduce the file size and, consequently, the loading time. Additionally, compressing images further reduces their file size without compromising too much on quality. There are various online tools and software available that can help you resize and compress images efficiently.

It is also worth considering lazy loading, a technique that loads images only when they are visible to the user, saving bandwidth and improving loading speed.

By optimizing images for faster loading, you can significantly enhance the performance of your site. Remember to choose the appropriate image format, resize and compress images, and consider implementing lazy loading to ensure fast loading speed and optimal user experience.

Minifying CSS and JavaScript Files

Site loading speed can be greatly improved by minifying CSS and JavaScript files. When a webpage is loaded, the browser needs to parse the HTML, CSS, and JavaScript files in order to display the site properly. However, these files can sometimes contain unnecessary white space, comments, and other elements that are not needed for the functionality of the website.

By minifying these files, you can reduce their size and improve the load time of your webpage. Minifying CSS files involves removing unnecessary white space, comments, and newlines, while maintaining the integrity of the code. Similarly, minifying JavaScript files involves removing unnecessary characters, such as white space, comments, and line breaks.

There are several tools available that can help you minify your CSS and JavaScript files. Some popular ones include UglifyJS, YUI Compressor, and Google Closure Compiler for JavaScript, and CSSNano, CSSO, and CleanCSS for CSS. These tools are easy to use and can optimize your files with just a few clicks.

Once you have minified your CSS and JavaScript files, it is important to test the loading speed of your website to see the improvements. You can use tools like Google PageSpeed Insights, Pingdom, or GTmetrix to measure the loading time of your site. These tools will provide you with detailed information on how your webpage performs and suggest further optimizations if needed.

In conclusion, minifying CSS and JavaScript files is an effective way to improve the loading speed of your website’s pages. By removing unnecessary elements from these files, you can reduce their size and optimize the load time, resulting in a better user experience for visitors to your site.

Enabling Browser Caching

Browser caching is a crucial factor in improving the speed and performance of a website. When a user visits a site, the web browser retrieves various files and data necessary to display the page. By enabling browser caching, you can allow the browser to store these files locally, reducing the amount of time it takes to load the page on subsequent visits.

By using caching headers in the server response, you can control how long these files are cached by the browser. This means that when a user revisits your site, the browser can quickly retrieve and display the cached files instead of downloading them again from the server. This significantly improves the loading speed and performance of your webpages, resulting in a better user experience.

How to Enable Browser Caching:

To enable browser caching, you need to configure your server to send the appropriate caching headers. The caching headers you set will depend on the files or file types you want to cache. Here are the most commonly used caching headers:

  • Cache-Control: This header allows you to specify the caching options for a particular resource. For example, you can set the maximum age of a cache, define whether the cache should be public or private, and more.
  • Expires: This header specifies the date and time when the cached resource will expire and should be revalidated. By setting a far-future expiration date, you can ensure that the browser serves the file from the cache until it expires.
  • ETag: This header is used to determine if the cached resource has been changed on the server. It is typically a unique identifier for the resource and is compared to the server’s version of the resource.

Verifying Browser Caching:

To verify if browser caching is working correctly on your site, you can use various tools such as web browser developer tools or online testing services. These tools can show you the caching headers being sent by your server and whether the files are being served from the cache or not.

By enabling browser caching properly, you can significantly reduce the loading time of your site’s pages and improve the overall performance. This not only benefits the user experience but also helps with SEO, as faster-loading websites tend to rank higher in search engine results. Take the time to configure browser caching and enjoy the benefits of a faster website.

Content Delivery Network (CDN) Integration

Website loading speed is crucial for user experience and overall site performance. One effective way to improve the loading speed of a website is to integrate a Content Delivery Network (CDN).

A CDN is a network of servers distributed across various geographical locations. When a user requests a webpage, the CDN serves the content from the server closest to the user’s location. This reduces the distance the data needs to travel, resulting in faster loading times.

How Does CDN Improve Website Performance?

Integrating a CDN with your site can bring several benefits:

1. Reduced Latency A CDN reduces latency by serving content from the server closest to the user, minimizing the round-trip time it takes for data to reach the user’s device.
2. Improved Scalability CDNs are designed to handle high traffic volumes. By distributing the load across multiple servers, a CDN can handle more simultaneous requests and effectively manage spikes in traffic.
3. Enhanced Reliability CDNs have built-in redundancy measures, ensuring that even if one server goes down, the content can still be delivered from another server in the network.

Integrating a CDN with your website involves configuring the CDN provider’s settings and updating the DNS records for your site. Once the integration is complete, the CDN will automatically cache and deliver your site’s static content, such as images, CSS files, and JavaScript files.

Choosing the Right CDN Provider

When selecting a CDN provider, consider the following factors:

  • Network Coverage: Ensure that the CDN has servers in locations that are relevant to your target audience.
  • Performance: Look for a CDN with a proven track record of delivering fast-loading websites.
  • Cost: Evaluate the pricing plans of different CDN providers and choose one that fits your budget.
  • Additional Features: Some CDNs offer additional features like DDoS protection, SSL support, and advanced caching options. Determine if these features align with your website’s requirements.

By integrating a CDN with your website, you can significantly improve the loading speed and overall performance of your site. Users will experience faster page load times, leading to increased user satisfaction and potentially higher conversion rates.

Choosing the Right Web Hosting Provider

When it comes to the speed and performance of your website, choosing the right web hosting provider is crucial. The hosting provider you select can significantly impact the loading speed of your site and ultimately affect the overall user experience.

One of the primary factors that influence the loading speed of a webpage is the server response time provided by the hosting provider. A fast server response time ensures that the website loads quickly and efficiently, leading to a better user experience and improved search engine rankings.

Performing a load test on your website can help you assess the performance of your current hosting provider. Load testing measures how well your website can handle a high volume of traffic or simultaneous requests. By analyzing the results of a load test, you can identify any potential bottlenecks or issues that may be affecting the loading speed of your site.

When choosing a web hosting provider, it’s essential to consider their server infrastructure and technology stack. Look for providers that offer solid-state drives (SSDs) and utilize caching technologies to optimize website loading speed.

Furthermore, consider the hosting provider’s data centers and their geographical locations. Selecting a hosting provider with data centers closer to your target audience can help reduce website latency and improve loading speed.

Lastly, don’t forget to consider the support and reliability offered by the hosting provider. Opt for a provider that offers reliable uptime guarantees and has a reputation for excellent customer support. Prompt and efficient support can be invaluable when it comes to resolving any issues that might affect your website’s performance and loading speed.

Factors to consider when choosing a web hosting provider:
Server response time
Load testing
Server infrastructure and technology stack
Data centers and geographical locations
Support and reliability

By carefully considering these factors and conducting proper research, you can choose a web hosting provider that will optimize the speed and performance of your website, resulting in a better user experience and improved search engine rankings.

Optimizing Website Code

One of the key factors that affects the loading speed of a website page is the website code. Optimizing the code can greatly improve the performance and loading speed of a site. Here are some tips for optimizing website code:

1. Minimize the Use of JavaScript

JavaScript can add interactivity and dynamic functionality to a webpage, but it can also slow down the loading speed. Minimize the use of JavaScript by using it only when necessary and optimizing the code to reduce its size. This can be done by removing unused scripts, combining multiple scripts into a single file, and compressing the code.

2. Optimize Images

Large and unoptimized images can greatly increase the page size and slow down the loading speed. Optimize images by compressing them and using the appropriate file formats (such as JPEG for photos and PNG for graphics with transparency). Additionally, lazy loading can be implemented to only load images when they are visible on the screen.

3. Minify CSS and HTML

Minification is the process of removing unnecessary characters from CSS and HTML files, such as whitespace, comments, and line breaks. This reduces file size and improves loading speed. There are various tools available online that can automatically minify CSS and HTML.

4. Use Caching

Caching allows browsers to store a copy of the webpage, reducing the need to re-download resources every time the page is accessed. Implementing caching mechanisms, such as browser caching and server-side caching, can greatly improve the loading speed of a website.

5. Optimize Server Response Time

The time it takes for a server to respond to a request can impact the overall loading speed of a webpage. Optimize server response time by using a fast and reliable hosting provider, reducing the number of HTTP requests, and optimizing database queries.

Optimization Technique Effect on Loading Speed
Minimizing JavaScript Reduces script execution time
Optimizing Images Reduces page size
Minifying CSS and HTML Reduces file size
Using Caching Improves resource loading time
Optimizing Server Response Time Reduces waiting time

By applying these optimization techniques, website owners can significantly improve the loading speed and performance of their sites, resulting in a better user experience and higher search engine rankings.

Reducing Redirects and Server Response Time

One of the key factors in improving the loading speed and performance of a website is reducing the number of redirects and minimizing server response time.

Redirects can significantly impact the loading time of a page. Every time a user clicks on a link, the browser needs to wait for the server to respond with a redirect instruction. This can cause delays and negatively affect the overall user experience.

To reduce redirects, it’s important to ensure that URLs are properly configured and avoid unnecessary redirects. Reviewing the website’s URL structure and using 301 redirects instead of 302 redirects can help improve loading speed.

In addition to reducing redirects, optimizing the server response time is essential for a fast-loading website. The server response time is the amount of time it takes for the web server to process a user’s request and send the response back to the browser.

There are several ways to improve server response time. One approach is to optimize the server’s hardware and software configuration. This may involve upgrading server components, optimizing database queries, and caching frequently accessed data.

Another strategy is to minimize the amount of data that needs to be transmitted between the server and the browser. This can be achieved by compressing files, reducing the size of images and scripts, and utilizing browser caching.

Conclusion

Reducing redirects and optimizing server response time are crucial steps in improving the loading speed and performance of a website. By minimizing the number of redirects and optimizing the server’s hardware and software configuration, website owners can ensure a faster and smoother browsing experience for their users.

Regular Website Performance Monitoring

Regular monitoring of a website’s performance is crucial in ensuring optimal loading speed and overall user experience. By conducting regular performance tests, webmasters can identify any potential issues or bottlenecks that may be affecting the loading time of their webpages. Monitoring the performance of a website allows webmasters to make informed decisions and implement necessary optimizations to improve the loading speed and overall performance.

Why is Regular Website Performance Monitoring Important?

When it comes to a website, speed matters. Studies have shown that users tend to abandon a webpage if it takes more than a few seconds to load. Regular performance monitoring helps webmasters understand how their website is performing and helps them identify any areas that need improvement. By keeping a close eye on the loading speed of their webpages, webmasters can ensure that their website is delivering a fast and seamless user experience.

How to Perform Regular Website Performance Tests

There are various tools available that can help webmasters test the loading speed and performance of their website. These tools provide valuable insights into the performance metrics of a webpage, such as load time, page size, and number of requests. Some popular tools include Google PageSpeed Insights, Pingdom, and GTmetrix.

To perform a website performance test, simply enter the URL of the webpage that you want to test into the tool of your choice. The tool will then analyze the webpage and provide a detailed report on its performance. This report will highlight any potential issues and suggest optimizations that can be implemented to improve the loading speed.

Webmasters should aim to perform regular performance tests on their website to ensure that it is consistently delivering fast and efficient loading times. By monitoring the performance of their website on an ongoing basis, webmasters can catch any issues early on and implement necessary improvements to provide a seamless user experience.

Tool Description
Google PageSpeed Insights Provides insights into the performance of webpages on both desktop and mobile devices. Offers recommendations for optimization.
Pingdom Allows webmasters to test the loading speed of their webpage from multiple locations around the world. Provides a detailed report on performance.
GTmetrix Offers a comprehensive analysis of webpage performance, including suggestions for improvement. Allows webmasters to compare their website’s performance against competitors.

The speed of your site:
- 90 from 100 - 90 from 100
After optimization will be 90 from 100